What is a classic symptom of cauda equina syndrome?

Urinary incontinence is a classic symptom of cauda equina syndrome because this condition involves pressure on the cauda equina, a bundle of nerves located at the lower part of the spinal cord that is responsible for sensation and motor control of the lower limbs, pelvic organs, and bowel and bladder function. When these nerves are compressed, it can lead to dysfunction in the urinary system, including loss of control and urinary incontinence.

In cauda equina syndrome, prompt recognition and treatment are critical, as the condition can lead to permanent neurological impairment. While other symptoms, such as unilateral leg pain, loss of sensation in the feet, and lower back pain, may accompany the syndrome, they do not specifically indicate the direct impact on urinary control that is characteristic of this neurological emergency. Thus, urinary incontinence stands out as a hallmark symptom of cauda equina syndrome.